Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure. A test is considered reliable if we get the same result repeatedly. For example, if a test is designed to measure a trait (such as introversion), then each time the test is administered to a subject, the results should be approximately the same. Unfortunately, it is impossible to calculate reliability exactly, but it can be estimated in a number of different ways....
Pros It helps you create life-affirming habits.It uses different applications from your iPhone to do so.Its methods are backed by solid research.It’s fun, educational and easy to use.It has a free trial version. Cons You have to remember to use it in order for it to work, of course.The full version is a bit more pricey than average iPhone applications. Description ‘Savor’ activities include creating an album of beautiful pictures to look at, or happy memories to relive....
Psychomotor agitation or retardation can be a feature of several types of mental illness but is commonly used to diagnose bipolar disorder. Psychomotor changes can be indicative of a manic or depressive episode. These movements, or lack thereof, are directly related to what’s going on in your brain. For example, if you are depressed, you will generally have less psychomotor activity as your emotions leave you feeling sluggish and weak....
What Bem Is Best Known For Sandra Bem was a psychologist particularly known for these areas: Gender studies Gender schema theory Bem Sex Role Inventory Clinical psychology Early Life and Education Sandra Bem (originally called Sandra Ruth Lipsitz) was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on June 22, 1944. She was raised by working-class parents in an often tumultuous household. Her mother, however, encouraged her daughter to pursue a life outside of housework....
Deep Breathing Deep diaphragmatic breathing, or “belly breathing,” sends a very strong relaxation signal to the brain that effectively turns down physiological arousal, and in turn, stress levels. The first step in belly breathing is to sit or lie in a quiet room in a comfortable position with one hand on your chest and the other on your stomach. Some people feel more comfortable closing their eyes, but this is not essential....
Select American states and Canadian provinces—like Arizona and Saskatchewan, respectively—have already instituted permanent daylight savings time, but there is debate amongst sleep professionals over whether permanent daylight savings or permanent standard time is the most beneficial for physical and mental health. Has the Senate Picked the Wrong Time? While the majority of Americans approve of the decision to end the biannual clock shift, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), recently came out in opposition to the move, saying that it would be more beneficial to make standard time the permanent choice rather than daylight savings....
Every year, between 1.6 million and 2.8 million youth run away. Understanding what a shelter for youth does, the services it provides, and how it can help is beneficial if you are a youth who is thinking about how to run away. It’s also helpful if you are an adult who wants to find a safe place for a youth who has made the decision to run away from home....
Freud revolutionized how we think about and treat mental health conditions. Freud founded psychoanalysis as a way of listening to patients and better understanding how their minds work. Psychoanalysis continues to have an enormous influence on modern psychology and psychiatry. Sigmund Freud’s theories and work helped shape current views of dreams, childhood, personality, memory, sexuality, and therapy. Freud’s work also laid the foundation for many other theorists to formulate ideas, while others developed new theories in opposition to his ideas....
What Social Psychologists Do Some social psychologists focus on conducting research on human behavior. These professionals might work in a university setting or they might be employed by businesses or government agencies. Other social psychologists are interested in discovering solutions to real-world problems. Applied social psychologists might help businesses hire and train employees, evaluate educational programs to determine if intervention strategies are working, search for ways to encourage people to reduce pollution or offer advice to businesses or employees who need help with conflict mediation....
Learn more about the somatic nervous system, including its location, function, and parts. We also provide a few examples of how the somatic nervous system works, as well as how it is different from the autonomic nervous system. Somatic Nervous System Location The somatic nervous system includes all of the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord. It does not include the brain and spinal column themselves, both of which are part of the central nervous system....
IDEA The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) mandates that public education provide appropriate services to children whose disabilities limit or impede the ability to function in an educational setting. Under IDEA, your child may qualify for special services if they have ADHD and the ADHD significantly impairs academic performance. IDEA lists many different categories of disability under which a child can be eligible for special education. ADHD children often qualify under the “Other Health Impaired” category....
Recent work by a team of British researchers, published in the journal eClinical Medicine, found that cognitive function loss was comparable to that typically seen as a person ages from 50-70 years old. But this is just the tip of the iceberg. While those behind the study highlighted a number of areas of further inquiry, including tracking patients across a longer timeline, mental health practitioners and researchers say that their field has a significant role to play in supporting COVID-19 survivors....
A new study by clinical researchers at the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, and published in the June 2020 issue of Translational Psychiatry, is highlighting why this drug works so quickly and how even low doses can be beneficial for those with major depressive disorder. Researchers used brain scans of 30 participants who had tried the most commonly prescribed antidepressant treatment—selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as Celexa, Lexapro, Prozac, Paxil, and Zoloft—and not received relief from their depression....
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5), 7% to 25% of patients treated for their first psychotic episode are reported to have substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder. If you or a loved one are experiencing symptoms of substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder, know that there are many treatment options and resources available to support you. Symptoms Symptoms of substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder include experiencing delusions, hallucinations, or both. Individuals experiencing these symptoms may or may not have insight into whether their delusions and/or hallucinations are real....
Why Kids Struggle With Self-Awareness If you ask a young child why they engaged in an inappropriate or negative behavior, they will often reply with “I don’t know.” This is an honest answer because many children may not know why they did something. Adults frequently ask kids for explanations for their behavior. This is because adults think if they can get kids to explain it, children won’t do it again. The majority of parents are guilty of repeatedly asking this question....
Students with ADHD tend to have higher rates of math learning disabilities as compared to the general student population. Even those students with ADHD who do not qualify for a math disability may still have a terrible time with math. Though these challenges may first be seen in the school years, they can certainly continue and impact math abilities even into adulthood. Math and ADHD Mastering math is a complex process....
Tobacco-related disease is two to four times more prevalent among alcoholics than that of the general population. Alcoholics who smoke are less likely to die from an alcoholic-related illness than they are a tobacco-related disease. Those who suffer from alcoholism and have a smoking habit have a 51% chance of death, compared with alcoholics who are nonsmokers who have a 34% chance of death. As such, many researchers have ascertained that smoking cessation therapy is vital for alcohol recovery treatment programs....
If you’re still mad well after a precipitating incident, you may be holding on to those negative feelings for too long, sometimes well after other people typically would have let them go. You may remember multiple past bad acts and relive those experiences every time you think about or interact with that person—either making your displeasure abundantly clear to them or keeping your true feelings to yourself. You might be intentionally holding a grudge, but sometimes you aren’t even aware of it....
Exploring some of the basics of biological psychology means looking into the biological processes that play a role in how we think, feel, react and behave. The Basics The area of psychology that seeks to understand how the brain affects behavior is known as biopsychology, although you may also hear this subject referred to as psychobiology or behavioral neuroscience. The Neuron Neurons are the basic building blocks of life. These highly specialized cells are responsible for receiving and transmitting information from one part of the body to another....
