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Fearful perceptions about panic attacks can become so severe that you may develop avoidance behaviors. These avoidance behaviors develop into a separate and commonly co-occurring condition known as agoraphobia, which causes you to stay away from environments or situations that may trigger a panic attack. Panic disorder is a treatable condition and there are several different treatment options. When considering therapy, most people envision traditional “talk therapy” or psychotherapy in which the qualified professional and client meet to discuss symptoms and develop goals....

Heroin is usually a mixture of diacetylmorphine, the active ingredient that produces the drug effects, and a variety of filler ingredients. Some of these fillers are other opiates, and share some of the ​psychoactive effects of heroin. Others are simply powders that share the appearance of the form of heroin they are cut with. And in some cases, the add-ins are toxins that can cause deadly side effects. Psychoactive Ingredients Diacetylmorphine, or diamorphine, is a highly potent painkiller that is synthesized from the latex sap of the seed pod of the opium poppy, known as opium....

Defining a Trigger You may have heard the term “trigger” but are not sure what it means. Usually, a trigger refers to some event that brings on a major exacerbation of BPD symptoms. The event can be external (something that happens outside of yourself) or internal (something that happens in your mind, like a thought or memory). Relationship Triggers The most common BPD triggers are related to interpersonal distress, especially relationships....

Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for ADHD in adults to go untreated, either because people don’t recognize the need for treatment or don’t realize that they even have ADHD. This article explores the potential effects of untreated ADHD in adulthood, including how it can affect important areas of a person’s life. Signs of Untreated ADHD in Adulthood Symptoms of untreated ADHD in adulthood can involve: Difficulty multitasking Distractability Forgetfulness Impulsiveness Low frustration tolerance Mood swings Poor listening skills Poor planning Poor time management Problems staying on task Restlessness...

There are many types of resources for ADHD. Read on and explore everything from in-person support groups and conferences to websites and books. You can also find resources you can use to learn more about the benefits to which you or your child are entitled. National Support Organizations CHADD—Children and Adults with ADHD CHADD (chadd.org) is the largest national support organization for ADHD. It provides education, advocacy, and support for children and adults living with ADHD and their families, as well as teachers and healthcare professionals....

How Does Conditioned Stimulus Work? Ivan Pavlov first discovered the process of classical conditioning in his experiments on the digestive response of dogs. He noticed that the dogs naturally salivated in response to food, but that the animals also began to drool whenever they saw the white coat of the lab assistant who delivered the food. The previously neutral stimulus (the lab assistant) had become associated with an unconditioned stimulus (the food) that naturally and automatically triggered a response (salivating)....

This article discusses different types of substances that can create a contact high and whether or not this experience actually constitutes a real “high.” It also covers what the experience is like and how this term is applied when it comes to a marijuana high. Types of Contact Highs There are a number of different types of substances and situations that may result in a contact high. These experiences may be different depending on the situation and the substance that is being used....

The truth is that a fetish is only a problem when the fixation interferes with your life or causes undue suffering to you or those around you. An example of this might be a person who is no longer sexually attracted to their partner and can only be aroused by the sight of a fetish object. Fetishes come in all shapes and sizes, ranging from the foot fetish mentioned above to a penchant for leather, rubber, or certain aspects of BDSM practices....

History of Glimmers The concept of glimmer is part of Polyvagal theory. Coined by behavioral neuroscientist Stephen Porges and introduced in 1995, the theory describes how our autonomic nervous system (which controls involuntary actions like breathing) is searching for and reading cues to determine if they are dangerous. This process is called neuroception, and the vagus nerve, which regulates organ functions, is responsible for it. The term glimmer, however, was introduced in 2018 in the book The Polyvagal Theory in Therapy: Engaging the Rhythm of Regulation by licensed clinical social worker Deb Dana....

The arrival fallacy stems from the idea ingrained into many of us since we were children that the key to happiness in life is having a good job, making lots of money, getting married, experiencing notoriety in our careers—just generally having a forward-thinking, goal-oriented mindset. Let’s take a look at the concept of arrival fallacy, its origin, and meaning, along with some tips for living happily—without arrival fallacy getting in the way....

Although many now believe it to be inevitable, counter-transference can be damaging if not appropriately managed. With proper monitoring, however, some research shows that counter-transference can play a productive role in the therapeutic relationship. Transference vs. Counter-Transference The American Psychological Association (APA) defines counter-transference as a reaction to the client or client’s transference, which is when the client projects their own conflicts onto the therapist. Transference is a normal part of psychodynamic therapy....

Although the manipulator may be subtle, it’s essential to spot the signs to stop the behavior and protect yourself. Manipulative behavior can occur in personal and professional relationships and, over time, cause a power imbalance that leads to more problems down the road. Although seemingly harmless, it can create an emotionally abusive relationship leaving the other person feeling confused, anxious, and fatigued. Learn more about the signs, causes, and coping strategies for manipulative behavior....

While it typically occurs because of an abusive relationship, any relationship that involves abuse at any time can cause PTRS; the abuse does not need to have happened through the duration of the relationship. For example, a breakup in which a partner who has not previously behaved harmfully but acts during the breakup in a manner that is emotionally, verbally, sexually, or physically abusive, can cause PTRS. Though it is not a formal mental health diagnosis, research on the subject identifies it as a real disorder....

THC is just one of more than 500 different substances—and 100 different cannabinoid molecules—in marijuana. Although THC is the most recognized, another important cannabinoid molecule that has received major interest is cannabidiol (CBD). History of THC Cannabis has a long history of use that dates back thousands of years. The first recorded use of cannabis has been traced to China, where it was used for food, textiles, and medicine. Hemp was eventually introduced to Europe and later to the Americas, where it was used for both recreational and ritual purposes....

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that can manifest differently from individual to individual. It is classified into the following: Bipolar I, in which individuals will experience at least one manic episode in their lifetimes Bipolar II, in which individuals experience at least one hypomanic episode and at least one depressive episode in their lifetimes. The DSM-5-TR also recognizes three other types of bipolar disorder: cyclothymic disorder, other specified bipolar and related disorder, and unspecified bipolar and related disorder....

Anti-Asian discrimination in the US dates back to the Chinese Exclusion Act, as passed in 1882 to prevent Chinese laborers from immigrating to the country for a period of 10 years, but many lack awareness of this history. The Atlanta shootings, along with an uptick in anti-Asian violence fueled by COVID-19 and xenophobic political rhetoric birthed the #StopAsianHate movement, but a great deal of work remains to be done to address the issue....

It may not be surprising that attractive individuals fair better in the world of dating. What you may not know is that beauty is also associated with more plentiful and stronger-bonded platonic relationships. Beauty also correlates with upward economic mobility, especially for women. In mock interviews, those deemed to be attractive based on certain traits (more on this later) are significantly more likely to be hired for a position. This is true even when they have comparable education and experience to other applicants....

If taken as prescribed, the risk of Prozac overdose is low. If a person takes more than prescribed either accidentally or intentionally, however, an overdose is possible. What Is Considered an Overdose of Prozac? Several factors—including age, weight, current state of health, and whether the person has also taken any other drugs along with Prozac—will determine whether any given dose will be harmful to an individual. This makes it impossible to generalize about what particular dose would be considered to be an overdose....

Kelly identifies four major areas of difficulty, any of which can get between you and your partner. The key is knowledge: Once you’re aware of the challenges, you can address them. Do any of these issues sound familiar? Difficulty Being Present and Staying Present “Perhaps the biggest problem is the ADHD partner who seems to be here today and gone tomorrow,” explains Kelly. “ADHD symptoms are erratic. The person with ADHD may be extremely distractible in the morning, for example, and relatively focused an hour or two later....

Still, as common as miscarriages are, many of us don’t fully comprehend how devastating they can be to the person who experiences one. Thankfully, times are changing, and many of us are becoming more aware that experiencing intense grief after a miscarriage is normal, and that people who experience miscarriage need care and support. Let’s look at what the grieving process looks like after a miscarriage, how to cope with miscarriage grief, and when extra support may be needed....