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The first estimate of the prevalence of autism in American adults, carried out by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in early 2020, estimates that about 1 in 45 (2.2%) adults are on the autism spectrum. And a 2016 survey of autism in children found that 1 in 68 (1.5%) 8-year-olds were identified as having autism. While autistic adults (including researchers and laypeople) have been discussing and writing about ableist language for many years, non-autistic autism researchers may not be acquainted with their work....

Where Is the Cerebellum Located? The cerebellum is the largest structure of the hindbrain and can be found in the back portion of the skull below the temporal and occipital lobes and behind the brainstem. When looking at the brain, the cerebellum looks much like a smaller structure separate from the brain, found beneath the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. The cerebellum consists of a cortex covering white matter, as well as a ventricle filled with fluid....

Chemicals in Cigarettes Air tainted with cigarette smoke is dangerous for anyone who breathes it. These are the chemicals that you are exposed to in cigarette smoke. Carcinogens A carcinogen is defined as any substance that can cause or aggravate cancer. Approximately 70 of the chemicals in cigarettes are known to cause cancer. These include: Acetaldehyde Aromatic amines Arsenic Benzene Beryllium (a toxic metal) 1,3–Butadiene (a hazardous gas) Cadmium (a toxic metal) Chromium (a metallic element) Cumene Ethylene oxide Formaldehyde Nickel (a metallic element) Polonium-210 (a radioactive chemical element) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Tobacco-specific nitrosamines Vinyl chloride...

Overview IED is a mental health disorder that first appears in childhood or adolescence and is made up of the following symptoms: Several episodes of being unable to resist aggressive impulses that bring about major aggressive acts, such as assault or destroying property. This can include verbally aggressive episodes that don’t injure anyone or anything.The level of aggressiveness expressed during these episodes is well out of proportion to any trigger that preceded the episode....

This article explores the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of cluster headaches. Symptoms of Cluster Headaches These are some of the symptoms of cluster headaches: A sudden burning or piercing pain Pain around or behind one eye, that may also spread to the forehead, nose, temple, jaw, or neck on that side of the face Redness, watering, or pain in the affected eye Smaller pupil size in the affected eye Swollen or droopy eyelids Stuffy or runny nose, particularly on the side of the head that hurts Flushed face or excessive sweating Agitation or restlessness, that may be characterized by pacing or rocking rather than sitting or lying down while the headache is ongoing...

It wasn’t until psychologists like Jean Piaget proposed that children think differently than adults do that people began to view childhood and adolescence as unique periods of growth and development. In the past, adults often dismissed the remarkable intellectual skills of infants and very young children, but modern thinkers and researchers have discovered that babies are, in fact, always learning, thinking, and exploring the world around them. Even newborn infants are actively taking in information and learning new things....

CPT is based on the idea that PTSD symptoms stem from a conflict between pre-trauma beliefs about the self and world and post-trauma information. For example, a pre-trauma belief could be The world is a safe place, and nothing bad will happen to me, while post-trauma information may suggest that the world is, in fact, dangerous and hazardous. These conflicts are called “stuck points” and are addressed through various techniques such as writing about the traumatic event....

Causes of Cynophobia Like most animal phobias, fear of dogs is most commonly caused by a negative experience with a dog, especially during childhood. Both children and dogs are naturally curious, and you may have been jumped on by an overexcited puppy or growled at by a large watchdog as you approached a fence. The negative experience need not have affected you directly. Many parents warn children about approaching strange dogs....

Symptoms First identified in ancient China, koro almost always follows an identical pattern. The sufferer first experiences a tingling sensation in the genitals, followed by a rapid-onset panic attack. This quickly leads to a sudden and pervasive fear that the genitals are disappearing. In Asia, this fear is almost always accompanied by an imminent fear of death, although this element is often missing from reports in other parts of the world....

But, without a clear timeline or short-term objectives, those goals often fall down on our list of priorities, and we never find time to work on them. That’s why New Year’s resolutions rarely work. We overestimate how much time we’ll have to work on our goals and underestimate how much work it’s actually going to take. It’s easy to push off a goal until later when you think you have a whole year to work on it....

Ecstasy (also frequently called Molly) is a slang term for MDMA, short for methylenedioxymethamphetamine. The name of the drug is used to describe the euphoric feeling one gets while under the influence of this drug. Educate yourself about the common drugs teens are using. Hold regular conversations with your teen about the risks of drugs and alcohol. And be on the lookout for warning signs that your teen might be using drugs....

Hallucinations, on the other hand, involve imaginary sensations that no one else can experience. For instance, a person may hear sounds or voices when no one else is in the room, or see spiders crawling across the wall. Delusions and hallucinations are both distortions of reality, which can occur during a state known as psychosis, where a person may not be able to tell the difference between what’s real and what isn’t....

Defining Vegetarians There exists only limited research on the connection between vegetarianism and eating disorders; the research that exists is confounded by a number of factors. The first problem is that most of the research on vegetarians and eating disorders collapses all categories of vegetarians together in order to get large enough sample sizes to draw conclusions. In reality, vegetarianism refers a wide variety of diets that exclude meat products to some degree (with nonvegetarians referred to as omnivores):...

If you are a college student or the parent of a college student or a soon-to-be college student with an eating disorder, you may be looking for more information about how eating disorders present in college students, what some of the warning signs are, and how to get help for a college student experiencing an eating disorder. Why Are Eating Disorders So Common on College Campuses? Eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and other specified feeding or eating disorder, are relatively common on college campuses....

What Is Emotional Invalidation? Emotional invalidation is when someone communicates to you that your emotions are not valid, are unreasonable or irrational, or should be hidden or concealed. For example, when a child is fearful, the parent might say, “Stop being such a baby, there’s nothing to be afraid of.” This is an emotionally invalidating response: It not only communicates to the child that his emotions are invalid but also that he is weak for having emotions....

It’s important to consider how the stigma—and the forces that create the stigma—may make it difficult for individuals to reach out to a mental health professional. Beliefs About Mental Illness Some communities accept the idea that mental illnesses are health problems that require treatment. But in other communities, there’s a serious stigma that implies a mental health problem is a sign of weakness and should be kept hidden from others....